
In IFR flying, we navigate by following invisible paths—legs en route and guidance like localizers and glide slopes on approaches.
I require instrument students to “talk through” an approach like a play, from start to finish, without referencing the chart. The goal is to imagine the flight before flying it, with a solid grasp of IAFs, FAF, altitudes, and sequence.
⦁ Hand fly approaches to keep sharp
⦁ Can't intercept the GS from above it
⦁ When air is turbulent, fly above MDA to give you a buffer
⦁ Do not bank more than standard rate
⦁ Remember compass errors ANDS NOSE UNOS
⦁ Use bearing needles (BRG1/BRG2) for situational awareness (SA)
⦁ VFR on top when pilot requests...Uses magnetic course
⦁ When using Visual Approaches...Stay clear of clouds per AIM 5-5-11 (keep the runway visual)
⦁ Keep resetting the heading bug to be on top even when on NAV mode
⦁ Part 121 can't even start an approach if weather is reported below minimums...consider that in Part 91 operations
⦁ Too busy trying to figure out where the waypoint is? "Can I get an initial vector?"
⦁ Request full approach using the hold if needing more time
⦁ Request a Cruise Clearance...Example "N123AB Cruise 8000" = Stay between MEA to 8000
⦁ Do not ask the tower for approach if you were not talking to ATC but you can still use the ILS for guidance
⦁ Information vs instruction
⦁ No radar coverage, no vectors
⦁ GPS MEA should include ATC coverage
⦁ R for FSS is frequency they receive on
⦁ PTAC = Position Turn Altitude Clearance
⦁ "Expect" -> Load approach dot not activate
⦁ Canceling IFR -> 1200


